T-28 SELF-GENERATION VS PURCHASES LIVE · EIA FORM 861 NATIONAL SELF-GEN: 60.8% IN 2008 → 48.2% IN 2024 · BELOW 50% FOR FIRST TIME FPL: 97.4% SELF-GEN · CONED: 7.5% SELF-GEN
T-28 · Self-Generation vs Purchases Monitor

Self-Generation vs Wholesale Purchases
by Utility · 2008–2024

● Live 218 Utilities 2008–2024 EIA Form 861

Analysis — The Shift from Self-Generation to Wholesale Purchases 2008–2024

The national median self-generation share fell from 60.8% in 2008 to 48.2% in 2024 — crossing below 50% for the first time. The average regulated utility now purchases more electricity than it generates. Drivers include coal and nuclear plant retirements without replacement generation, growth of wholesale renewable energy contracts, and deliberate strategies to reduce owned generation in favor of purchased power agreements.

FPL at 97.4% self-gen represents the traditional vertically integrated utility. ConEd at 7.5% is a wires-only utility buying nearly everything from the wholesale market. Both are legitimate models with different risk profiles. For regulators, the self-gen ratio is key to prudency reviews — it determines whether fuel cost increases reflect decisions the utility controlled or market conditions beyond its control.

National Self-Gen Decline
−13pp
60.8% in 2008 → 48.2% in 2024 · below 50% for the first time
Highest Self-Gen — 2024
Florida Power & Light · near-complete vertical integration
Lowest Self-Gen — 2024
7.5%
Consolidated Edison NY · almost entirely wholesale purchaser
Median Self-Gen — 2024
48.2%
First time below 50% in dataset history
National Median Self-Generation & Purchase Share — 2008–2024 (%)
Self-gen = net generation ÷ total sources · purchase = wholesale purchases ÷ total sources
Self-Generation vs Purchases · EIA Form 861 Operational Data
UtilitySt Self-Gen % Purchases % Total Supply (TWh) Change 2008→2024